AUTOSAR - Introduction

AUTomotive Open System ARchitecture:

• Is an open and standardized automotive software architecture, together developed by automobile manufacturers, suppliers and tool developers.

• Hardware independent Software layer.

• Transferability of functions.

• Redundancy activation.

AUTOSAR Key Topics:

AUTOSAR provides three main areas of results:

Architecture:

Software architecture including a complete basic (environmental) software stack for an ECU as an integration platform for hardware independent SW applications

Methodology:

Exchange formats (templates) to enable a seamless configuration process of the basic software stack and the integration of application software in ECUs

Application Interfaces:

Specification of application interfaces as a standard for application software modules 

Benefits from AUTOSAR:

OEM:

• OEM overlapping reuse of software modules
• Maintaining ability to compete on innovative functions, enlarged design flexibility
• Simplification of the integration task
• Reduction of total SW development costs

Supplier:

• Reduction of version proliferation
• Development partitioning among suppliers
• Increase of efficiency in functional development
• New business models possible

Tool provider:

• Common interfaces with development processes
• Seamless, manageable, task optimized (time dependent) tool landscape

New market entrant:

• Transparent and defined interfaces enable new business models

AUTOSAR Architecture:

Please refer www.autosar.org for more details.

Few AUTOSAR Specification:

–        AUTOSAR_TechnicalOverview

–    AUTOSAR_LayeredSoftwareArchitecture

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_VirtualFunctionBus           

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_RTE

–        AUTOSAR_SoftwareComponentTemplate

–        AUTOSAR_SystemTemplate

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_DEM     

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_COM

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_ComManager

–        AUTOSAR_ECU_Configuration    

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_ECU_StateManager                     

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_WatchdogManager

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_NVRAM_Manager

–        AUTOSAR_SimulinkStyleguide  

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_PDU_Router   

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_StandardTypes              

–        AUTOSAR_SWS_CompilerAbstraction

At present AUTOSAR 4.x is the latest. If you want more details/training materials about AUTOSAR then feel free to contact me. All the best!!!

Regards

Saravana

interfacing of the LCD module with 8051 P89V51RD2

#include
#include
#include

xdata volatile unsigned char rs _at_ 0xFE01;
xdata volatile unsigned char lcd _at_ 0xFE00;

void main()
{
init_lcd();
printlcd(" Ei Labz ");

while(1);

}
/*********************************************************
Function to initialize lcd
*********************************************************/
void init_lcd()
{
writecommand(0x38); //Two lines 5x7 matrix
writecommand(0x01); //Clear Display screen
writecommand(0x06); //Increment Cursor
writecommand(0x0c); //Display on cursor off
}
/*********************************************************/
/*********************************************************
Function to write COMMAND into lcd
*********************************************************/
void writecommand(unsigned char data1)
{
lcd=data1;
_nop_();
_nop_();

delay();
}
/*********************************************************/
/*********************************************************
Function to print a string data into lcd
*********************************************************/
void printlcd(unsigned char *str)
{
unsigned char len,i;

len=strlen(str);

for(i=0;i<=len-1;i++)
{
writedata(*str);
str++;
}
}

/*********************************************************/
void writedata(unsigned char data2)
{
rs=data2;
_nop_();
_nop_();

delay();
}
/*********************************************************
Function which causes some delay
*********************************************************/
void delay()
{
int k;

for(k=0;k<=9000;k++);
}

ADC interfaced with P89V51RD2 Microcontroller.

#include
#include
#define ch1 0xE8;
#define ch2 0xE9;
#define ch3 0xEA;
#define ch4 0xEB;
#define ch5 0xEC;
#define ch6 0xED;
#define ch7 0xEE;
#define ch8 0xEF;

xdata volatile unsigned char CONTROL _at_ 0xFC00;

sbit b=P3^2;

void Send(unsigned char x)
{
SBUF=x;
while(!TI);
TI=0;
}


void Send_String(char* string, unsigned char no_of_bytes)
{

int i, stringlength = no_of_bytes;

for(i=1; i<=stringlength; i++)
{
Send(*string++);
}

}
void hex2ascii(unsigned char i)
{

unsigned char tmp;
unsigned char ASCII[2];

tmp = i>>4;

if(tmp <= 0x09)
ASCII[0] = tmp+0x30;

else
{
ASCII[0] = tmp-0x9;
ASCII[0] += 0x40;
}

tmp = (i & 0x0f);

if(tmp <= 0x09)
ASCII[1] = tmp+0x30;

else
{
ASCII[1] = tmp-0x9;
ASCII[1] += 0x40;
}

Send_String(ASCII,2);
}


unsigned char Read_ADC(unsigned char x)
{
b=1;
if(x=='1')
{
CONTROL=ch1;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;

}
if(x=='2')
{
CONTROL=ch2;
while(!b);
b = 0;
return CONTROL;
}
if(x=='3')
{
CONTROL=ch3;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;
}
if(x=='4')
{
CONTROL=ch4;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;
}
if(x=='5')
{
CONTROL=ch5;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;
}
if(x=='6')
{
CONTROL=ch6;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;
}
if(x=='7')
{
CONTROL=ch7;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;
}
if(x=='8')
{
CONTROL=ch8;
while(!b);
return CONTROL;
}
}

void delay(void)
{
unsigned int k;
for (k=0;k<0xfffe;k++)
{
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();
}
}

void main(void)
{
SCON = 0x50;
TMOD = 0x21;
TH1 = 0xfd;
TL1 = 0xfd;
TCON = 0x45;
TR1=1;

while(1)
{

hex2ascii(Read_ADC('1'));

delay();
}
}

A marvelous answer

A mechanic was removing the cylinder heads from the motor of a car when
he spotted the famous heart surgeon in his shop, who was standing off to
the side, waiting for the service manager to come to take a look at his
car.

The mechanic shouted across the garage," Hello Doctor!! Please come over
here for a minute."

The famous surgeon, a bit surprised, walked over to the mechanic.

The mechanic straightened up, wiped his hands on a rag and asked
argumentatively, "So doctor, look at this. I also open hearts, take
valves out, grind 'em, put in new
parts, and when I finish this will
work as a new one... So how come you get the big money, when you and me
is doing basically the same work? "

The doctor leaned over and whispered to the mechanic.... .

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

...
..
..
Doctor said : " Try to do it when the Engine is RUNNING "



--
Many times in life, whether a thing is worth doing or not, really depends on how u look at it.
Take up all your courage and do something your heart tells you to do so that you may not regret not doing it later in your life........

VLC media player for Ubuntu

Open Synaptic (System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager). In Settings -> Repositories, make sure you have a "multiverse" repository activated.
Search for vlc and install it. You should also install vlc-plugin-esd, mozilla-plugin-vlc (and libdvdcss2).
Command line way
You need to check that a "multiverse" mirror is listed in your /etc/apt/sources.list.
% sudo apt-get update
% sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-esd mozilla-plugin-vlc
Graphical way
Open Synaptic (System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager). In Settings -> Repositories, make sure you have a "universe" repository activated.
Search for vlc and install it. You should also install vlc-plugin-esd, mozilla-plugin-vlc (and libdvdcss2).

Habits of Effective People

1 Be Proactive
Being proactive is the opposite of reactive. It means to take responsibility for your actions, it’s about making choices.

2 Begin with the End in Mind
Define your mission and goals in life
What matters most to you?
Write a personal mission statement including what you want to have, to do,
and to be...

3 Put First Things First
Prioritize, and do the most important things first

4 Think Win – Win
Have an everyone can win attitude
Thinking win-win is the foundation for getting along well with other people

5 Seek First to Understand,then to be understood
Listen to people sincerely
Listen first, talk second; see things from another person’s point of view before
sharing your own.

6 Synergize
Work together to achieve more
Synegry is achieved when two or more people work together to create a better
solution than either could alone. It’s not your way or my way but a better way.

7 Sharpen the Saw
Renew yourself regularly
Body physical
-Exercise, eat healthy, sleep well, relax
Brain mental
-Read, educate, write, learn new skills
Heart emotional
-Build relationships, give service, laugh
Soul spiritual
-Meditate, keep a journal,pray, take in quality media

ARM PROCESSOR

The ARM Features

Architectural Simplicity
Reduced power consumption
High Performance Implementations
High code density
Low-cost devices
Small size & reduced die area
Hardware debug technology within the processor


Features of ARM7TDMI

One of ARM’s most successful cores
Von Neumann architecture
3-stage pipeline -fetch, decode, execute
32-bit Data Bus
32-bit Address Bus
37 32-bit registers
32-bit ARM instruction set
16-bit THUMB instruction set
32x8 Multiplier
Barrel Shifter
Small Size
High code density
Low power consumption
Ideal for mobile embedded devices

ARM Powered Applications…

Automotive
- ComRoad, empeg, Raytheon, Marine, SENA
Consumer Multimedia
- Sega, Sharp, Sony, Toshiba, Pace
Embedded Control
- Conexant, Gemplus, IBM, Olivetti
Handheld Computing
- Apple, Ericsson, Hewlett Packard, Psion
Internet Appliances
- Daewoo, Oracle, RCA, Samsung
Networking
- 3Com, Ericsson, Virata, VLSI
Portable Telephony
- Ericsson, Hitachi, Nokia, Philips, Qualcomm